Installing a NAS (D-link DNS-321)

I added a DNS-321 NAS to my home network. Here's how I installed it using Ubuntu 9.10:

1. Install the 3.5" SATA drives. They aren't included. I used 2x 1TB drives.
2. Add it to the local wired network. Turn it on.
3. Log in to the router to figure out the NAS IP address. Remember the IP address!
4. Log into the NAS' buit-in web server (username ADMIN, no password) to format the drives, configure all the access, and learn the top-level-folder name.
5. Create user accounts for all access

Here's how I access it using Ubuntu 9.10:

Get the Samba packages: sudo apt-get install samba smbfs

Create a mount point: sudo mkdir /media/Sharedrive

Add the following line to fstab: sudo nano /etc/fstab

//192.168.1.102/Top-Level-Folder /media/Sharedrive/ cifs nounix,uid=ubuntu_account_username,gid=ubuntu_account_username,file_mode=0777,dir_mode=0777,username=my_NAS_account_name,password=my_NAS_account_password 0 0
# Your IP address and top-level-folder are very likely to be different.
# Your uid and gid should be your Ubuntu username/groupname (your Ubuntu machine login name)
# Your username and password are almost certainly different. 

Mount the new share using sudo mount -a

Unmount the new share using sudo umount /media/Sharedrive

Optional: Create a shortcut in the File Manager to make easy access to the mount point.

I haven't investigated automounting upon startup yet.

Using a US DOD CAC Card with Ubuntu 9.10

Superseded by http://cheesehead-techblog.blogspot.com/2015/10/cac-on-firefox-using-ubuntu-1504.html

Adding a CAC Card reader and using a CAC card with Ubuntu used to be bloody hard. Getting the hardware recognized, getting the add-ons to Firefox and Evolution, installing the certificates, what a pain!
Well, I tried agin, using the Ubuntu help center instructions at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CommonAccessCard
Result: I can log into AKO using my CAC Card! After four years of hoping. Hooray!

Quick and Easy CD-ripping

Ripping a CD to add to my music collection using the command-line application abcde.

To install abcde, use sudo apt-get abcde

To rip a CD, insert the CD and use the terminal. This will rip the CD to FLAC (lossless) format, and eject the CD when complete:

cd Music
abcde -x -o flac

Linux converter for Microsoft .lit files

.lit is a proprietary format, and must be converted using the C-lit application, included in the 'epub-utils' package. It can then be read with the 'fbreader' e-book reader.

To install epub-utils and fbreader, use sudo apt-get epub-utils fbreader

To convert a book file, use lit2epub /path/to/book.lit

To read a converted book, open fbreader and point it to /path/to/book.epub

Video, photos, and music sharing with my phone

I have a snazzy new geek-phone, a Shuttle from Virgin Mobile. It has a 4GB MicroSD slot so files can be exchanged with my Xubuntu system.

• Phone Video is in .3G2 format. The video plays in Totem, but the sound doesn't. YouTube properly uploads and converts the .3G2 videos (no need to share by e-mail). I plan to archive the .3G2 videos in their original format. This command successfully converts the .3G2 to a .avi for viewing by totem:

  $ mencoder media/disk/my_flix/inputfile.3g2 -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=msmpeg4v2 -oac mp3lame -lameopts vbr=3 -o Videos/outputfile.avi

• Computer Video Haven't figured out the right command to convert movies to .3G2 yet.
• Phone Pictures are in .jpg format. Xubuntu's standard Image Viewer is very effective for weeding through them.
• Computer Pictures Large pictures take a long time to show up - a 2.4 MB image froze the phone for 30 seconds. The following script uses Imagemagick to resize the photos to a smaller size:
  

  $ convert Pictures/filename -size 320x240 /media/disk/my_pix/filename.jpg
  

• Computer Music My FLAC music needs to be converted to .mp3 to play on the phone. Soundconverter does it, but some results refuse to play...haven't figured out the pattern yet.

Important information-
UUID=5D18-F276  # The 4GB MicroSD Card's UUID. Find using syslog after plugging it in
/media/disk     # Default mount point
/dev/sdb1       # Device location
/dev/sdb1 /media/disk vfat rw,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=hal,utf8,shortname=winnt,uid=1000 0 0   # /etc/mtab entry for the disk

/media/disk/my_flix   /media/disk/my_music   /media/disk/my_pix    # Available folders

Camera Resolutions: 1280x960 1024x768 640x480 320x240 176x144 160x120
Video Camera Resolution: 176x144
Screen Resolution: 220x176, 262k colors

Installing Xubuntu 9.04 on an emachines E625-5192

Received my new laptop today - I need it for the fall, and got it a little early due to a sale.

What went well: I created a set of Restore DVDs (in case I want Windows back), then removed windows and installed Xubuntu 9.04 full-disk. Copied over my old /home directory, and installed all my favorite apps. E-mail, web, games, .bashrc, most dektop settings, etc. transferred without a hiccup. Recreated my crontab. Wireless networking and video work great. Built-in card reader reads all cards from my cameras and phone. Machine is noticeably faster. FN-key brightness control works. FN-key multimedia controls work.

Solved Problems:

Sound was tinny and a bit faint. Headphone jack works, not tinny, but low volume. Solution: Adding the following lines to /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf
somwhat improved speakers and fixed the headphone jack.

# Added by me on <date> while troubleshooting audio
options snd-hda-intel model=6stack

The Volume-FN keys didn't work. Solution: Mapped FN-audio up, down, and mute keys by mapping them to aumix using these instructions.

The suspend FN-key didn't work. Solution: Enabled it in the gnome-power-manager preferences. It was set up to work out-of-the-box, but disabled by default.

DVD: DVDs play only after changing CDROM permissions after each disc insertion. Workaround: Created an alias in .bashrc as the 'fixcd' command

TomTom GPS automatic update doesn't work on Linux - Win and OSX only. Department of Defense forms and other applications are Windows-specific. Workaround: Installed a Virtual Machine (VM) to host an occasional-use XP instance.

Phone-made .3g2 video files play with weird audio - need a way to convert them. Computer .wma songs don't play on phone - need a lossless storage format, and a way to convert them to .mp3. Workaround: Upload videos to YouTube instead of the local hard drive.

Need password to restore from suspend (Xubuntu issue, not hardware-related). Workaround: Remove the screensaver package.

Unsolved Problems: No built-in webcam. Keyboard is different, and will take time to get used to - many typos in the meantime.

Creating Custom color palletes using The GIMP

My spouse wants to create art using carefully-arranged Rubik's Cubes. She needs a tool to do it: She needs to manipluate images to the right color and pixellation to look cube-ready (Solving them to the displayed configuration is another issue).

So let's set up The GIMP to do it.

Preparation: GIMP needs to know what colors to use, so let's create a custom color pallette. (This only needs to be done the first time)

1. Find an image or two with cube colors (Google is handy for this). Copy the images to your clipboard.
2. Import the image to GIMP: File -> Create -> From Clipboard
3. Create the new color palette: Image -> Mode -> Indexed -> Use Custom Palette -> Open The Palette Selection Dialog -> New Palette
4. Select the six colors: Use the color-picker tool to change the foreground color, then right-click in the palette-editor to add each color.
5. Save the new palette with a name you will remember, like 'Cube Colors'

Changing an image

1. Import the image into GIMP
2. Reduce the image to the six cube colors - Image -> Mode -> Indexed -> Use Custom Palette -> Cube Colors
3. Reduce the image to manageable size with Image -> Scale Image Pick a small size that is a multiple of 3 (3 rows/colums on each cube)
4. NEED a way to split the image into 3x3 (blown up to 9x9) squares for each cube.

Scripting for batch-resizing: This looks possible using Imagemagick - see "using pre-defined color maps" for an easy way to get Imagemagick to reduce the colors.